Test 11. Hotel History (I)
Part A
Directions: (Questions 1—9).
Read the text and choose the one best answer to each question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text. Mark the answer on your answer sheet.
Задания: (1—9)
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы, следующие за текстом, выбрав один из предложенных вариантов ответа.
Отметьте свой выбор в бланке ответов.Ancient Times
In the Hebrew villages travellers camped in open places much as the Bedouins do today.
One of the earliest mentions of an inn comes in a biblical passage describing how the sons of Jacob stopped at one on their return from Egypt and gave fodder to their beasts. The inn was similar to the khans of present-day Central Asia, which offer shelter for people and their animals but travellers must provide their own supplies.
The khans were always found in villages, in contrast to the enormous caravan-serais, which were built along the roads at wells or well-watered places. Many caravan-serais, looking like huge stone forts, may steel be seen in Turkey. Travellers staying in khans and caravan-serais were often made miserable by insects and noisy animals.
The Greeks of the heroic age had no inns; instead, travellers enjoyed the hospitality of private homes. The ancient Persians, however, built luxurious inns along their excellent highway system. Inns were introduced into Britain by the Romans at the time of the conquest (first century A. D.). The tabema was the
tavern where legionaries and civil officials drank, and the caupona was the inn or hotel that put them up for the night.
Where do we find the earliest mentions of an inn? A in the Bible
В in Jacob's travel notes С in the work of Herodotus
What did the ancient khans offer? A bed and breakfast
В place to spend the night С food for people and their animals
Did travellers have to provide their own supplies at the khans?
A Yes, they did.
В No, they didn't. С Sometimes they did.Where were the caravan-serais built? A at well-watered places
В far from the roads С in the city markets
Were ancient caravan-serais comfortable? A Yes, there were all conveniences there.
В Yes, people enjoyed staying in caravan-serais. С No, people suffered from insects and animals.
What kind of inns did the ancient Greeks have? A They prefered private houses.
В They built luxurious inns. С They received their guests in open places.
Where did the ancient Persians build their luxurious inns? A along their main roads
В in deserts С in their villages
Who introduced inns into Britain?
A the Romans В the Persians С the Bedouins
What does the word taberna mean?
A inn В hotel С tavern
PartB
Directions: (Questions 10—15).
Read the text and choose the one best answer to each question on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text. Mark the answer on your answer sheet.
Задания: (10—15)
Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы, следующие за текстом, выбрав один из предложенных вариантов от-вета. Отметьте свой выбор в бланке ответов.
Medieval Time
The fall of Rome left Europe in a state of fragmentation for several centuries, during which travellers moved only in large, well-armed bands. By 1100 A. D. it was safe to travel again, and this period also marked the beginning of the work of the Knights Hospitalers, who created shelters and hospices for Crusaders and pilgrims to the Holy Land. In the thousand years between the fall of Rome and the beginning of the Reformation, European inns developed gradually from small, uncomfortable buildings to larger and more hospitable structures. In most of western Europe wayfarers found abbeys ready to shelter them.
As travel developed through the centuries, a body of hotel law developed to define the rights and obligations of the innkeeper toward guests, together with their rights and obligations toward him.
In 1254, for instance, a French law decreed that only persons en route could stay at hotels. And in 1407 the hotel register was introduced in France to enable police to check on the guests.How did travellers move after the fall of Rome? A in groups
В alone
С didn't move at all
Who created hospices in the 12th century? A Crusaders
В the Knights Hospitalers С pilgrims to the Holy Land
Where did wayfarers find shelter?
A in the monasteries of the Holy Land В in European abbeys С in private houses
The word «wayfarer» in sentence 4 is closest in meaning to A pilgrim В explorer С traveller
Who defined the rights and obligations of the innkeeper toward guests?
A innkeepers В city authorities С the law
Who could stay at French hotels in the 13th century?
A everybody В only wayfarers С only noblemen
Parte
Directions: (Questions 16—21).
Read the text and say whether Statements 1—6 are True or False. Mark the answer on your answer sheet by putting the correct letter (T- True, F-False). There is an example at the beginning (0).
Задания: (16—21)
Прочитайте текст и определите, какие из приведенных утверждений правильны или неправильны. Отметьте свой выбор в бланке ответов, проставив верные буквы (T— правильно, F — неправильно). В начале задания дан пример (0).
2 Н В Дуда Europe after 1500
British innkeepers of the 16th, 17lh, and 18lh centuries set th< pattern for hotel-keeping in Europe. The big coaches of the 16 century travelled along paths worn across European fields. B; 1576 England had about 6,000 inns. With the development о trade, good roads were constructed, together with inns ant hotels along the way.
The Industrial Revolution and railroad constructor stimulated hotel building in the cities, and many of th< commercial hotels in Britain and on the European continen date from this period, which also saw the creation of the firsi resort hotels at spas. Many such European hotels, renovatec frequently, still occupy their original premises. The hotel Baui au Lac in Zurich opened in 1844, and its owner, Thcodor Baur helped found the first professional hotel school in Ouchy- Lausanne, Switzerland. The Savoy in London opened in 1889 the first large hotel in that city to provide a private bath witl each bedroom. Portions of the building's foundations date bad to Chaucer's era.